Cisco CCNA Troubleshooting HRSP

Hosts are not effected by routers going down when a First Hop Redundancy Protocol like HSRP, VRRP or GLBP are used.  The default gateway on the host is set to a virtual IP Address that is tied to the “active” router.

 

•First Hop Redundancy Protocols (FHRPs) such as Hot Standby Routing Protocol (HSRP), Virtual Router Discovery Protocol (VRRP), and Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) provide redundant default gateways used by hosts:
•Hosts point default gateway to a virtual IP address
•Transparent to the hosts.
•A single router controls the virtual IP address with failover capability if the router fails.

 

 

Cisco CCNA Troubleshooting Inital State

 

Cisco CCNA Troubleshooting HRSP Learn State

Have not received a hello message from the active router

Do not know the virtual router IP address

Cisco CCNA HRSP

Neither the active nor the standby router

Receives hello message

Knows the virtual router IP address

Cisco CCNA Troubleshooting HRSP Speak State

Sends periodic hello messages

Participates in the election of the active and standby router

Knows the virtual router IP address

Cisco CCNA HRSP Standby State

Candidate for active router

Sends hello message

Knows the virtual router IP address

Cisco CCNA Troubleshooting HRSP Active State

Assumes the active forwarding of packets for the virtual router

Sends hello message

Knows the virtual router IP address

Cisco CCNA HSRP Standby

The above slide shows an example output from a show standby brief command.

Cisco CCNA Troubleshooting HRSP Debug

The output from the slide above shows example output from a debug standby command.

Cisco CCNA Troubleshooting HRSP Example

Remember, the end hosts / servers point to a virtual IP Address that moves with the Active Router, hence the host is not impacted when an HSRP router fails.

 

•On the left R1 is the active HSRP router
•On the right R1 fails and R2 takes over as the active HSRP router
•End host / server is not impacted by router failure